電機(ji)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)主(zhu)要是永磁(ci)(ci)材料做的，一(yi)般有釹鐵硼磁(ci)(ci)電機(ji)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)、衫鈷(gu)電機(ji)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)、鋁鎳鈷(gu)電機(ji)磁(ci)(ci)鋼(gang)。

      目前(qian)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)普遍采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。所謂永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，是指電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)圈(quan)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)永(yong)磁(ci)(ci)體激磁(ci)(ci)，不采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)線(xian)圈(quan)激磁(ci)(ci)的(de)方式。這樣(yang)就省去了激磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)圈(quan)工作(zuo)時(shi)消耗的(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，提(ti)高了電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換效率，這對使用(yong)(yong)(yong)車載有(you)限能(neng)源的(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車來講，可以降(jiang)低行駛電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，延長續行里程。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)按(an)照電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)形式來分(fen)，可分(fen)為有(you)刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和無刷(shua)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)兩大類(lei)；按(an)照電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)總成的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械結構來分(fen)，一般分(fen)為“有(you)齒”（電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)高，需要經過齒輪減速(su)(su)）和“無齒”（電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)扭(niu)矩輸出不經過任何(he)減速(su)(su)）兩大類(lei)。